Diabetes Melllitus Type II Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Diabetes Melllitus Type II - Research Paper ExampleThe Indian physician Sushruta in four hundred B.C. described the sweet taste of urine from individuals affected with a disease called sugar. Around 250 B.C., the severalize diabetes was first used, meaning in Greek to siphon, reflecting the marked polyuria and loss of water in diabetes. The do term diabetes mellitus was coined in 1674 by Thomas Willis, personal physician to King Charles II. Gradually the latin banter for honey, mellitus was added due to its link with sweet urine (Settley, 1996).Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous clinical upset with two major(ip) classifications primary and secondary. Secondary diabetes is a condition when hyperglycemia (diabetes) is due to the complications of another disease. As per the latest recommendations of American Diabetes Association (2010) diabetes should be classified into four classes viz.I. Type 1 diabetes Previously known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since the pa tients require exogenous insulin for survival. Type I diabetes involves -cell destruction leading to absolute deficiency of insulin. fit to ADA (2010), Type 1 diabetes could be described under two sub-headings a) Immune-mediated - where the autoantibodies against -cells of pancreas destroy the islets of langerhans, b) Idiopathic diabetes with no known cause of diabetes mostly seen in people of African or Asian ancestry.II. Type 2 diabetes It represents 90-95% of all diabetes cases and presents with peripheral resistance to the effects of insulin or a defect in insulin processing/secretion. The disorder is also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), because insulin is not required for treatment in most of cases. It manifests at a later age (40 years) that acquires it the third name -- late or adult-onset diabetes and has a slow and unspoken onset. NIDDM is more commonly found in obese (particularly trunkal obesity) individuals and is